BALINESE CULTURE AND PLACES

BALINESE CULTURE AND PLACES

The island of Bali with smaller islands such as Nusa Penida, Lembongan, Ceningan, and Menjangan covers an area of 5.808,8 square kilometers, with number of population around 3 millions. Almost 98% of the population are Hindu devotees with markedly local traditional rituals. The island is classified one of the densely populated areas of Indonesia.

Balinese physically is not different from other people of west Indonesia where Mongoloid character is predominant over Malay characters, only a few people bring the characters of true Malay with small body size and brown skin. In general skin color are ranging from bright to brown, but dark brown is very rare, and very few with curling hairs, mostly straight hairs, with the average height of the body in the past 160 cm, and now around 170 cm. Especially younger generation tend to grow higher by slim body.

Balinese speak Balinese, a dialect of Malay. Due to cast system Balinese dialect itself underwent further variation, as each cast claimed to have their own idiolect which is higher in conjunction with their own cast status. Balinese and Yogyakarta have much in common words only they used the words in different meaning or sometimes in contradictory meaning.

Beside Javanese Balinese is one society which has introduced writing since 998 AD. This writing scripts which are supposed to undergone evolution and have now become variations of writing such as in Myanmar, Thailand, Java and Bali. So the art of writing has developed very early both in Java and Bali. Currently Balinese writing is learnt in school and there is an effort to preserve the heritage, since Bali is rich with writing heritages in the form of ethics, stories, myths, songs, chronicles and historical documents written in various style of Bali nese scripts. Historic monuments are also various in Bali, some are originated from 10th century, and these sites are still preserved by local people, and associated to their religious rituals.

With the economic advancement reached by Bali for the last 2 decades it has invited many people from other parts of Indonesia and from the 5 continents to try their luck in Bali. This is now the biggest social problem that can arise in the future due to the limited land. With this situation, Bali has become part of Global world and put Balinese in a dilemmatic position between developing lifestyle as an impact of outside world and their original customary life style has become an object of unending exploitation, as it's very nature giving chance to such a behavior.

Balinese introduce social organization based on area and obligations to preserve and maintain temples and it's rituals. This fact has been able to keep the integrity and security in Bali, but on other space has dragged this organization into unnecessary ritualistic nature. This organization is called " Banjar " This Banjar is the center of power currently when kingdoms and hegemony of traditional ruling class has been changed by the role of economic and expertise groups.

In a wider group, Balinese is tied again by genealogical lineage to maintain clen's temples and as Bali wide they also feel obliged to maintain and preserve temples built by the king in the past such as Besakih, Uluwatu, Tanah Lot, Ulun Danu, Sila Yukti, Gelgel, and many others.

Basic economic activities in Bali is growing rice, coffee, cacao, juices, corn, cassava, and various cereals and vegetables. Home industry is developed very fast such as garment, irons, furniture, ceramics, terracotta, and carving, beside ethnic handicrafts. Balinese art-skill got a place when Bali developed tourism. Tourism development has given multi-flier effect on industries and farming in Bali.

Specially in agriculture Balinese has developed a systematic organization to regulate the irrigation system. This organization has been successful in maintaining the continuity and equality of water supplier for every member, beside maintain the water flowing facilities.

Cattle breeding and poultry growing are already developed for local consumption as well as export to other countries such as pigs and cows. Also fishery development especially shrimps and fish has just been able to fulfill the local demand. Still a great space to develop this products specially fisheries.

Bali has the most varied places of interest for tourists, from western tip to the eastern tip of the island, both in the form of cultural and natural attractions.

Jembrana Regency

1. Museum of Ancient men in Gilimanuk Port City,
2. Palasari Irrigation dam,
3. Belimbingsari Christian Missionary,
4. West Bali National Park with it's Bali White Bird ( Bali Starling )
5. Purancak Beach View

Tabanan Regency

1. Soka Beach view and week end place,
2. Tanah Lot temple
3. Batukaru mountain temple,
4. Pejaten Roof Tiles industry
5. Blayu Songket Weaving Cloth
6. Jatiluwih vast rice terrace
7. Bedugul mountain resort and Botanical garden,
8. Butterfly park,
9. Marga battle field commemorial tomb,
10. Kedaton Monkey forest
11. Agronomic museum
12. Penatahan natural hot spring.

Singaraja Regency

1. Lovina Beach resort
2. Menjangan island diving site
3. Banjar natural hot spring and Buddhist monatery
4. Gitgit waterfall,
5. Bali Handara Kosaido Country Club

Badung Regency

1. Sangeh Monkey Forest
2. Kuta Beach resorts with dozen of hotels, and various entertaiments,
3. Nusa Dua Tourism enclave, an elite areas
4. Taman Ayun temple

Denpasar Municipality

1. Denpasar Ethnographical Museum
2. Denpasar Traditional market
3. Art Center,
4. Traditional dances of Kecak and Barong,
5. Sanur tourism resort with many hotels and restaurants, and nice beaches.

Gianyar Regency

1. Regular Barong dance
2. Regular Kecak dance
3. Mas, woodcarving artist colony,
4. Celuk, gold and silversmiths artists colony,
5. Ubud, painting artist colony,
6. Handicraft villages such as Tegalalang, Sumampan, Kemenuh, Tengkulak, and many others,
7. Monkey forest in Ubud
8. Ubud resorts with various museums, hotels, restaurants, arts galleries, and studios of painting maestros,
9. Goa Gajah Buddhist Monastery
10. Pejeng areas with various antiquities and Archaeological Museum,
11. Gunung Kawi Rocktemple,
12. Yeh Pulu rock carvings
13. Singapadu Balinese Traditional house

Bangli Regency

1. Kintamani mountain resort,
2. Kehen temple,
3. Trunyan traditional village,
4. Panglipuran traditional village,
5. Sebatu water temple,
6. Tampak Siring historical water temple,
7. Panulisan temple,

Klungkung Regency

1. Kerta Gosha, ancient court house of justice,
2. Besakih mother temple,
3. Kamasan village with oldest Balinese canvas painting,
4. Tiyingan village, the blacksmith of Balinese traditional music instruments
5. Goa Lawah

Karangasem

1. Candidasa resort with many hotel and restaurants,
2. Karangasem Palace architecture,
3. Tulamben beach resort with various hotels and restaurant, a beach famous for diving sites
4. Tirta Gangga, a king bathing pool,
5. Putung Hill, a natural nice view
6. Perang Pandan